Ma Xinqiang, wapampando wa Huagong Technology komanso wachiwiri kwa National People's Congress, posachedwapa adavomera kuyankhulana ndi atolankhani ndikuyika malingaliro olimbikitsa chitukuko chapamwamba chamakampani opanga zida za laser mdziko langa.
Ma Xinqiang adati ukadaulo wa laser umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri potukula chuma cha dziko, kuphatikiza kupanga mafakitale, kulumikizana, kukonza zidziwitso, chithandizo chamankhwala ndi thanzi, kasamalidwe ka mphamvu ndi kuteteza chilengedwe, mlengalenga ndi zina, ndipo ndi njira yofunika kwambiri yothandizira chitukuko cha kupanga zolondola kwambiri. Mu 2022, kugulitsa konse kwa msika wa zida za laser mdziko langa kudzakhala 61.4% ya ndalama zomwe zimagulitsidwa pamsika wa zida za laser padziko lonse lapansi. Akuti kugulitsa msika wa zida za laser mdziko langa kudzafika ma yuan biliyoni 92.8 mu 2023, kuwonjezereka kwa chaka ndi 6.7%.
dziko langa lakhala msika waukulu kwambiri wamafakitale wa laser padziko lapansi pano. Pofika kumapeto kwa chaka cha 2022, padzakhala makampani opitilira 200 a laser pamwamba pa kukula kosankhidwa ku China, kuchuluka kwamakampani opanga zida za laser kupitilira 1,000, ndipo kuchuluka kwa ogwira ntchito kumakampani a laser kupitilira mazana masauzande. Komabe, ngozi zachitetezo cha laser zachitika pafupipafupi m'zaka zaposachedwa, makamaka kuphatikiza: kuyaka kwa retina, zotupa m'maso, kuyaka kwapakhungu, moto, zoopsa zazithunzi, zoopsa zafumbi, ndi kugwedezeka kwamagetsi. Malinga ndi ziwerengero zoyenera, kuwonongeka kwakukulu komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha laser m'thupi la munthu ndi maso, ndipo zotsatira za kuwonongeka kwa diso la munthu sizingasinthe, ndikutsatiridwa ndi khungu, lomwe limapangitsa 80% kuwonongeka.
Pamlingo wa malamulo ndi malamulo, bungwe la United Nations linapereka Protocol on the Prohibition of Blinding Laser Weapons. Pofika mu February 2011, mayiko/magawo 99 kuphatikiza United States asayina mgwirizanowu. United States ili ndi “Center for Equipment and Radiological Health (CDRH)”, “Laser Product Import Warning Order 95-04″, Canada ili ndi “Radiation Emission Equipment Act”, ndipo United Kingdom ili ndi “General Product Safety Regulations 2005 ″, ndi zina zotero, koma dziko langa liribe malamulo oyendetsera chitetezo cha laser. Kuphatikiza apo, mayiko otukuka monga Europe ndi United States amafuna kuti akatswiri a laser alandire maphunziro achitetezo a laser zaka ziwiri zilizonse. Lamulo la dziko langa la "People's Republic of China Vocational Education Law" likunena kuti ogwira ntchito zaukadaulo omwe amalembedwa ndi mabizinesi ayenera kuphunzitsidwa zachitetezo ndi maphunziro aukadaulo asanagwire ntchito. Komabe, ku China kulibe malo oyang'anira chitetezo cha laser, ndipo makampani ambiri a laser sanakhazikitse dongosolo lachitetezo cha laser, ndipo nthawi zambiri amanyalanyaza maphunziro achitetezo chaumwini.
Pamlingo wokhazikika, dziko langa linatulutsa mulingo wovomerezeka wa "Optical Radiation Safety Laser Specifications" mu 2012. Zaka khumi pambuyo pake, mulingo wovomerezeka udaperekedwa ndikuyendetsedwa ndi Unduna wa Zamakampani ndi Upangiri Wachidziwitso, ndikuperekedwa ku National Technical Committee on Optical Radiation Safety ndi Laser Equipment Standardization kuti zitheke. , wamaliza zolembera zovomerezeka. Pambuyo pa kukhazikitsidwa kwa muyezo wovomerezeka, palibe malamulo oyendetsera chitetezo cha laser, kuyang'anira ndi kuyang'anira ndi kutsata malamulo oyendetsera ntchito, ndipo n'zovuta kukwaniritsa zofunikira zoyenera. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, ngakhale kuti "Standardization Law of the People's Republic of China" yomwe yangosinthidwa kumene mu 2018 yalimbitsa kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake. tchulani ndondomeko yopangira miyezo yovomerezeka, kukhazikitsa ndi kuyang'anira, koma chifukwa ndi lamulo la dipatimenti, zotsatira zake zalamulo ndizochepa.
Kuphatikiza apo, pamlingo wowongolera, zida za laser, makamaka zida za laser zamphamvu kwambiri, sizikuphatikizidwa m'mabuku owongolera zinthu zamakampani akumayiko ndi akumaloko.
Ma Xinqiang adanena kuti pamene zipangizo za laser zikupitirizabe kupita ku mlingo wa 10,000-watt ndi pamwamba, pamene chiwerengero cha opanga zida za laser, mankhwala a laser, ndi ogwiritsa ntchito zipangizo za laser chidzawonjezeka, chiwerengero cha ngozi za chitetezo cha laser chidzawonjezeka pang'onopang'ono. Kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwa nyali iyi ndikofunikira kwambiri kwamakampani opanga ma laser ndi makampani ogwiritsira ntchito. Chitetezo ndiye maziko a chitukuko chapamwamba chamakampani a laser. Ndikofunikira kukonza malamulo achitetezo a laser, kuwongolera malamulo, ndikupanga malo otetezedwa a laser.
Ananenanso kuti State Council iyenera kulengeza njira zoyendetsera kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake. .
Kachiwiri, Unduna wa Zamakampani ndi Ukadaulo Wachidziwitso, State Administration for Market Regulation ndi madipatimenti ena oyenerera adakambirana kuti apereke miyezo yovomerezeka yapadziko lonse yotetezedwa ndi ma radiation posachedwa. Kukhazikitsa malamulo, ndikukhazikitsa ndondomeko yowunikira ndondomeko ndi malipoti kuti akhazikitse miyezo, kulimbikitsa ndemanga zenizeni zenizeni komanso kupititsa patsogolo kukhazikitsidwa kwa malamulo ndi miyezo.
Chachitatu, limbitsani ntchito yomanga gulu la talente lachitetezo cha laser, kukulitsa kulengeza ndi kukhazikitsa miyezo yovomerezeka kuchokera ku boma kupita ku bungwe kupita kubizinesi, ndikuwongolera njira zothandizira kasamalidwe.
Pomaliza, kuphatikizidwa ndi machitidwe azamalamulo a mayiko aku Europe ndi America, malamulo oyendetsera ntchito monga "Laser Product Safety Regulations" adalengezedwa kuti afotokozere zachitetezo chamakampani opanga ndi makampani ogwiritsira ntchito, ndikupereka chitsogozo ndi zopinga pakumanga kotsatira. makampani opanga laser ndi makampani opanga laser.
Nthawi yotumiza: Mar-07-2023